What are some benefits and problems of shipping by oil?

the biggest problem of shipping by oil is that, while the world is full of waterways, there are no oilways anywhere. therefore, ships are used to ship by water, but not by oil.What are some benefits and problems of shipping by oil?
I believe you are asking about benefits and problems in shipment of oil presumably by Tankers. This site will give you a brief but definitive history of development and growth of the industry. http://www.oceansatlas.org/unatlas/uses/鈥?/a>





Tankers move approximately 2 billion metric tons of oil every year. Second only to pipelines in terms of efficiency, the average cost of oil transport by tanker amounts to only two or three United States cents per gallon.





While Pipelines are more efficient they're not always practical like in moving oil from the Mid East to North America. Sometimes in deep water, Crude Oil is lifted from sub sea wellheads to floating vessels that perform the first stages of processing then offload the oil to tankers for further distribution.





Sometimes Super Tankers are to deep to reach the refineries. They will anchor offshore and offload their product to smaller tankers for delivery to the refinery.





Tankers are also used to transport gas in a liquid state to increase the amount carried.





The down side of tankers are, risk of pollution in the event of damage or sinking and vulnerability in the event of war. Sludge accumulating in the bottom of tanks used to be a problem for cleaning and disposal of the residue, but todays technologies have simplified the problem and it's affect. Oil tanks are topped up with inert gas to reduce the potential of ignition.What are some benefits and problems of shipping by oil?
Shipping by oil?





I have heard of shipping by rail, truck, and by air, but I have never heard of shipping by oil.





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